Exam 1 Study Guide - Review of Chapters 1-3

Okay, so we're having an exam. There will be 50 questions, fairly equally divided between the three chapters, plus some from my lecture and the DVD movie.

Below are some chapter highlight guidelines of those areas I think are especially important. If it isn't on this list, it won't be on the test. Try to remember what I discussed in class about the level of detail.

Chapter 1

• what are the main elements that define a "psychological disorder?"
• what are the main differences between professionals who study psychopathology?
• what is the difference between a school psychologist and a BCBA?
• what are the main elements that describe the "science-practitioner" model?
• define "presenting problem"
• what is the kind of question Dr. Gale is likely to ask a prospective client before meeting them?
• what are "prevalence, incidence, and course?"
• what was the relationship between the supernatural and psychological disorders?
• what is a lunatic and where did that term come from?
• what is another term for "emotion contagion?"
• where did Hippocrates think disorders were located?
• what was the purpose of "bloodletting?"
  
• what happened to hospitals under John P. Grey?
• what historical figure is lossely connected to the concept of electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)?
• what was Emil Kraepelin's lasting achievement?
• describe moral therapy, why did it decline (hint: 3 reasons)?
• What was Mesmer known for?
• Freud's primary theory was based on what principles?
• What is the humanistic model?
• what are the main components of the behavioral model?
• What happened to Watson's children?
• what is the primary approach your book uses to describe disorders?

Chapter 2

• Difference between one-dimensional and multidimensional models of psychopathology
• Continuation of the case of “Judy”
• Basic review of genes
• Know what percentage of general cognitive ability is due to heritability
• What affect can “adverse events” in childhood have upon genetic heritability?
• Diathesis-Stress Model and how it affects the likelihood of developing a disorder
• Reciprocal Gene-Environment Model and its affect upon an individual’s behavior; the relationship between this and developing a particular disorder
• Nongemonic “Inheretance” of behavior – major idea behind this
• Crabbe, Wahlsten, and Dudek (1999) – what was the major point of this study?
• The contribution of neuroscience – know the following:
  • CNS and what is consists of
  • PNS and what it consists of
  • ANS and what it consists of
• How information is transmitted from one cell to another
• *You do not need to know the structures of the brain other than the following:
  • Three divisions of the brain
  • Major lobes
  • Hypothalamus and pituitary gland
  • Cigulate gyrus
  • Hippocampus
  • Caudate nucleus
  • Amygdala
• Names of major endocrine glands in the body (see page 46)
• Briefly, what is the HPA axis
• Major functions of the SNS and PNS under the Peripheral Nervous System
• Role of Neurotransmitters
  • Process of reuptake
  • Role of serotonin
  • How GABA functions
  • Norepinephrine and what major psychological disorder it likely relates to
  • Dopamine and what major psychological disorder it likely relates to
  • SSRI’s and how they work
  • The role of agonists and antagonists
• What likely happens to the brain structure and/or function when psychotherapy is successful? How might this be the same or different compared to medication use?
• What is the field of “cognitive science” concerned with?
• What is “learned helplessness” and who is associated with it?
• What is “social learning theory” and who is associated with it?
• What is “prepared learning?”
• Understand the physiology of the fear response (basic understanding)
• What is the “flight or fight” response?
• What is “emotion,” “mood,” and “affect?”
• Know about anger and the heart
• What is the principle of “equifinality?”

Chapter 3

• What is clinical assessment and diagnosis?
• What does the value of the assessment depend upon?
• What is the purpose of theclinical interview and, specifically, the mental status exam?
• What is a semi-structured interview and behavioral assessment?
• What is ABC recording?
• What are some of the major kinds of psychological assessment?
• What is the purpose of using standardized scores?
• What is psychophysiological assessment?
• What kind of strategy does the DSM IV TR use?
• You do not need to know about DSM II or III
• What is a multi-axial diagnosis in the DSM IV?

Lecture/DVD

• What is a "bell-shaped" curve?
• Based upon IQ only, what defines mental retardation or giftedness?
• What question does Dr. G always ask a client if depression or anxiety is suspected?
• What occurred during "Normal People Scare Me?"